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As the mining industry accelerates its digital transformation, the focus extends beyond mere operational efficiencies and safety enhancements. One of the lesser-discussed but equally crucial benefits of autonomous underground mining equipment is its potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
Historically, the mining sector has been slow to embrace automation in underground operations compared to surface mining. This is due, in part, to the logistical challenges of installing communication and GPS systems below ground. However, as the industry grapples with the twin pressures of rising energy costs and stricter environmental regulations, investment in underground automation is increasing.
EY’s 2024 survey highlights a growing emphasis on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors, with a notable 46% of mining executives identifying net-zero emissions as a key area of scrutiny. This reflects a broader industry trend towards reducing operational emissions and enhancing sustainability.
A recent Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) report underscored the role of autonomous equipment in achieving greener mining practices. For instance, automated ventilation systems in underground mines can slash energy costs by up to 40%, leading to a corresponding reduction in operational emissions. Similarly, a Canadian study on underground copper mining revealed that automation could cut CO₂ emissions by 17.9 kg per tonne of ore, a significant reduction considering the forecasted 29% increase in global copper demand by 2030.
One illustrative example is Alamos Gold’s investment in autonomous haulage systems at its Young-Davidson mine in Ontario. In 2020, the company replaced diesel haul trucks with a 600-meter electric conveyance and hoisting system. This shift not only reduced the mine’s GHG emissions intensity but also reduced maintenance and personnel requirements. The system, powered by Ontario’s low-carbon grid, represents a dual win that is lowering emissions while cutting operational costs.
Moreover, the trend towards electrification and automation extends beyond individual projects. At Codelco’s Chuquicamata underground mine in Chile, the installation of a 13-kilometer belt conveyor system has removed the need for 120 large haul trucks, achieving a 70% reduction in CO₂ emissions. This system, one of the largest of its kind, exemplifies how automation can drive substantial environmental benefits
Besides, advancements such as ABB’s automated, demand-based ventilation systems, which save over 50% in energy costs annually, and the world’s first fully battery-electric trolley truck system developed by Boliden and Epiroc, showcased the ongoing innovations aimed at reducing mining’s carbon footprint.
Despite these promising developments, the integration of autonomous technology presents challenges. Issues such as high upfront costs, technical expertise requirements, and the need for trust in new technologies can slow adoption. Looking ahead, interplay and data sharing among autonomous systems will likely unlock further efficiencies and emissions reductions. By leveraging advancements in industrial computing and algorithms, mining companies can optimize production, maintenance, and safety while advancing their sustainability goals.
In conclusion, the push towards autonomous underground mining equipment represents more than just a technological upgrade but it is a pivotal step towards achieving net-zero emissions in the industry. As the demand for energy metals and minerals grow, embracing these innovations will be crucial for miners to remain competitive and environmentally responsible. The path to a sustainable future in mining lies underground, guided by the advancements in automation and digital technology.